Essay Questions Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 5

Questions - Essay Example They all proposed that the society nature, whatsoever its derivations, was a contractual understanding between its affiliates. The present concept of sovereignty is frequently tracked down back to Westphalia Peace in the year 1648. In relation to states, it codified the necessary principles, including integrity of territories, inviolability of borders, state supremacy, and the notion that a sovereign is the superlative legislator of power within its jurisdiction (Agnew, 2009). The war that lasted thirty years was put to a stop by the Westphalia Peace which was acknowledged as the peace of exhaustion by generations. The war did influence the signing of numerous treaties commonly connected by the reality that they did put to an end the thirty years war. The war resulted in the enforcement of negotiations in abridging the differences between states that had surfaced due to the war. Deliberations did happen among the countries that were involved in the thirty years war (Agnew, 2009). Pea ce was the significant outcome that was achieved in the long run by the numerous negotiations that were carried out. Power was stripped off from Ferdinand III and consequently taken back to the imperial states rulers. At the end of the World War I, the U.S. foreign policy was fundamentally isolationist. The U.S became cautious of entering the League of Nations, a concept that had been championed by the U.S President. U.S utmost concern of joining the League was that the affiliates would entrust America and probably it troops to conflicts in the European region. The World War I was among the numerous wars that had occurred in the europ0ean region. The U.S also had an economic policy of barriers of trade (Kagan, 2008) The U.S committed to defending infant industries by means of trade constraints and tariffs. A major impact on the foreign policy of the U.S was that it closed its doors to the rest of the world. Germany developed a foreign policy with

Review of The augmented CAPM Literature Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Of The augmented CAPM - Literature review Example was criticized by various authors and a new augmented CAPM was devised in order to take systematic risk into account while investing in stock market and completely ignore the unsystematic risk. This augmented CAPM is accurate for applying in the Hong Kong market and thus, its validity is checked through this literature (Hearn, n. d.). Asset pricing models are defined as frameworks that are devised for identifying and measuring risk. The models also identify the rewards that are attached with risk bearing. The theories attached to the models helps in realizing reasons for expected returns on the government bonds to be less than that on the stocks. It also assists in developing idea behind two stocks with different expected returns. The change in expected returns over time is also explained through this model (Hearn, n. d.; Huang, Yang and Hu, 2000). The basic premises of asset pricing model are that the investor’s desires for higher expected returns. The investors do not like to take risk and hold diversified portfolios so that the risk is distributed in different sectors. The models also specify fair rate of return for particular asset. The information regarding rate of return is very crucial for taking any investment decision for corporations who evaluate projects and the formation of portfolios for inves tors. The theories related to models helps in characterizing the risk of a project or acquisition and also examine the discount rate associated with the risk. The asset pricing model was first developed by Sharpe (1964) and Lintner (1965). However, there had been lot of advancement in asset pricing for the past 35 years. The progress was important for understanding the issues encountered while implementing asset pricing models in any emerging market. So, this model should be followed and also modified over time, while investment situation changes due to several challenges. The first asset pricing theory is known as Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) developed

The Concept of Equitable Globalisation

The Concept of Equitable Globalisation Rebecca Knighton Globalisation Debates: The Concept of Equitable Globalisation and the Offshoring of Jobs ‘One of the fundamental questions of todays world is undoubtedly the question of equitable globalisation’, these were the words of Dr Janez DrnovÃ… ¡ek (2004), then President of the Republic of Slovenia, in a speech addressing members of the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe. In order to realise the importance of that sentence, an understanding must be gained of what is meant by globalisation. A word that Godin (2006) described as a buzzword; globalisation is today used to define, justify and legitimise the interconnectedness of the world. Theodore Levitt and his 1983 article The Globalisation of Markets in the Harvard Business Review are accepted by many commentators as the origin of the mainstream use of the term (Mullen, 2006; Abdelal Tedlow, 2006). Equitable globalisation can be defined as an interconnected world in which progress made is fair and development is impartial. When comparing this ambition to how modern day global relationships operate, it’s clear that globalisation today does not possess these qualities. Joshi (2009) explores globalisation and describes it as the increasing economic interdependence of national economies across the world, attributing this interdependence to a rapid increase in the cross-border movements of ‘goods, service, technology, and capital’, while this idea does not contradict the pursuit for fairness, the real and tangible effects of global interconnectedness do not always embody fairness or impartiality. The debate that will be the focus of this discussion, one that routes from the equality – or lack of equality – within global interconnectedness, is centred on offshoring. Offshoring is the process of moving parts of a business’s operations to a different country – this can be either through subcontracting with a contractual agreement or setting up business further premises in another carrying out tasks there. Mankiw (2004) describes the notion as the latest manifestation of the gains from trade ‘that economists have talked about at least since Adam Smith’, his opinion is that this so-called ‘phenomenon’ (Vedder, Guynes and Reilly 2010) is simply the next step businesses can take to profit in many ways in a progressing business environment. The source of the debate leads on from the aforementioned pursuit of equitable globalisation and the contrasting opinions, and justifications of those opinions, between those who support or dis parage offshoring. The debate itself can be separated between the country a business originates from and its chosen destination of offshoring, arguments from both locations identify reasons either for or against. Throughout the debate, the economic, political, social and cultural elements of this element of globalisation will be examined. The first area of the debate to be examined is the contrasting opinions about offshoring in the country of the business’s origin. For the purpose of this discussion, there will be a focus on the USA. A word that seems synonymous with these contrasting opinions is ‘protectionism’ – Mankiw and Swagel look into the term in their insightful 2006 article and conclude that in different arguments it come with entirely different connotations. Members of the American public are looking for some security and consistency in their job and the services they receive, and the term ‘protect’ is tantamount to this, and something they feel the US Government should prioritise. Brothers Ron and Anil Hira are prominent authors within this globalisation debate, and their book Outsouring America (2005) represents the debate well. Their view is that America policy, representative of MEDC’s around the world, is ‘naà ¯ve’ – stating that †˜the formula of free, deregulated markets and faith in American superiority ignores how the international economy has slowly and gradually shifted in the last few decades ‘. Their point follows on from book’s foreword by Lou Dobbs, in which the accusation is made that globalisation and its consequential offshoring have and continue to lead to economic insecurity which is in direct contradiction of the American Dream. This argument is somewhat fuelled by the media (Mankiw Swagel 2006; Amiti Wei 2005). Within the last decade, political events such as the publishing and the controversy surrounding CEA’s February 2004 Economic Report for the President Report in the run up to the 2004 election which mentioned offshoring have coincided with impartial reports and media attention regarding job losses and economic slowdown. These overlapping events have led to the subject of offshoring becoming thought of as a justification for a faltering labour market. In addition to the argument of a loss of American jobs, an element of this debate is about the quality of exported services. A customer survey by American Banker/Gallup (2004) found that of the two thirds of respondent aware of offshore outsourcing, the vast majority (78%) held an unfavourable opinion. Exemplifying this point is the relocation, and consequential return, of a call centre for the computer technology firm Dell due to customers complaining that upon its move to India, standards dropped and customer service quality was reduced, this was discussed by Taylor and Bain (2004). Although this case is not alone it its controversy, may call centres have remained in India and other popular offshoring locations – part of the Asian information technology enabled services (ITES) industry estimated to be worth US$1.5–1.6 trillion in 2020 (NASSCOM 2009a). To refer back to the aforementioned point of varying connotations of protectionism, the opinions found in academic and particularly economic literate are that the notion carries negative implications. This academic literature forms part of the discourse that offshoring is a positive contribution to a country’s economy. In order to justify the concept of outsourcing, economists look into the theory that defines their subject area – a part of this theory is comparative advantage. This is the ability for one party to produce a good or provide a service at a lower marginal cost to its competitor (Baumol Minder 2009) and can also be applied to whole countries. The comparative advantage that, for example, India can offer US companies for elements of their business that can be outsourced, is the driver of offshoring. One view of this concept is that of Bhagwati (2008), who labelled the phenomenon ‘kaleidoscopic comparative advantage’ is recognition of its complex ity. In direct contradiction to the so-called protectionists’ opinion of a negative effect on the economy, McKinsey Consulting (2003) calculate that overall net US income rises by about 12–14 cents for every dollar of outsourcing; this is due to the increased profits of companies being contributed to tax, being used to develop and grow the business – leading to more US employment, and consumers paying lower prices for products and services that have been made cheaper by offshoring. A further point in the debate that this embodiment of globalisation is good for the economy is that these global economic developments could be liken to a third Industrial Revolution. Blinder (2006) explored this idea – he identified that such vast and unsettling adjustments are not unique today as the same repercussions were felt during both the agricultural and the manufacturing industrial revolutions, but added that both of those economic changes are looked back upon as succ essful and relevant steps forward. The article goes on to address the opinion that jobs are risk of being relocated are those that are typically lower paid; using an example of taxi drivers, aeroplane pilots, janitors and crane operators as ‘safe’ jobs, compared with accountants, computer programmers, radiologists and security guards as jobs that could potentially be outsource. The range of jobs that are or are not at risk do not correspond to traditional distinctions between high-end and low-end work. A further point opposed to the argument against the offshoring of job to America is the contest to opinions that it lead to a reduced quality of customer service. Blinder (2006) comments on the constant improvements in technology and global communication, says that due to this there has been little or no degradation in quality. The education of the employees in foreign companies is discussed by Doyle (2012) – he used the example of the recent vast improvements of English Language education in India and puts forward the point that this in turn eliminates a potential language barrier that may have supposed negative effect on the customer service provided by companies that outsource their call centres to country that don’t have English as a first language. Having explored both view of offshoring in the country of the business’ origin, the nest step to gaining an understanding of this globalisation debate is that of the country hosting these outsource jobs. Similarly to the previous arguments, using a case study will allow a more in depth investigation into the opinions and justifications of this debate. India will be the focus of this debate – chosen due to its popularity amongst business as a destination for offshoring jobs. According to the Tholons 2013 report of the top worldwide outsourcing destinations, six Indian cities are within the ten most favourable, including the 1st and 2nd being Bangalore and Mumbai respectively. The offshoring of jobs to India is regarded as the main vendor of offshored jobs, with some estimates that an additional 400 people are employed a day due to jobs that have been offshored (Bergh et al, 2011). This contribution to the economy is the main positive with this globalisation debate in favour of outsourcing jobs to India; a contribution estimate by Nasscom to be growing 19% per year (Nasscom, 2012). Bergh et al (2011) go on to discuss the impacts of this input into the India economy, such as vast improved have been made to infrastructure that has in turn allowed further expansion and an increased quality of life. A further part of the debate is the social side of this embodiment of globalisation: this impacts of increased employment. Despite criticism, that will be explored further into this discussion, there is evidence within academic literature and other publications that improvement are made to the quality of lives of those employed by companies that have offshored their jobs to India, Ball et al (2005) explore this point, their findings indicate that those employed by subsidiaries of the original company that has outsourced the jobs benefit from working conditions better than if they were employed by companies based in India, as well as a better sense of job security. Another point is the claims that these companies recognise the nature of the work, identifying that by working and travelling home overnight employee would be increasingly vulnerable, and by offering security and transport services care is taken of these employees (Messenger and Ghosheh, 2010). Whilst this argument of the positive effects on the vendors’ economy and the satisfactory to good working conditions provided is legitimised by academic papers on the subject, the opposing opinions come from a strong stand point and are very well justified by both academic research and events in the media. One underlying point of this discourse relates back to the point of equitable globalisation and the impartiality of development – a concept which ties in with the opportunity to develop sustainably. A major criticism of the presence of outsourced jobs and the effects of these in India and other vendor nations is the instability of and speed in which changes are being made. Whilst governments, such as in India, have been recognised as paramount in facilitating an inflow of not only foreign capital but also knowledge and technology. Winters and Yusuf (2007) highlight the pressure felt governments by internationally trading companies to aid their overseas operations – attributing this to the fast growth and lack of forward planning when implementing incentive schemes. This potential instability is worsen by claims that India may be losing its popularity amongst multi-national companies leading to a slowdown in investment (Helyah, 2010; The Economist, 2013). A second element to this discourse is explored by Messenger and Ghosheh (2010), and is based on the deep rooted cultural differences between vendor countries, i.e. India, and the companies’ country of origin. This leads to difficulties in integration and segregation between higher management and workers, which is turn can very negatively affect moral. A further point in the issue of cultural difference, is the westernisation of the nation a company is operating – an example of this is demonstrated in a Post-Colonial perspective investigation into recent changes in Indian culture and an example within the paper, by Ravishenkar et al (2013), is the education system in India that is said to ‘mimick’ Western concepts and ignore local stakeholder. Whilst this change would not be considered a negative by all commentators, it exemplifies a potential loss of national identity which has been explored in the wider sense of globalisation by Featherstone (2005). A final point in the discussion of this debate is the working conditions of people employed in offshored jobs. Ghimire (no date) commentates the topic and highlights the following point as issues within the sector: disturbed social and family life due to overbearing work commitments and a lack of flexibility by employers; detachments from local culture and lifestyle; racist abuse from customers abroad. This list is increased by further contributions from Messenger and Ghosheh (2010) who explain that of their sample over 50% have suffered from work related illnesses and conditions including back and neck pain, sleep problems and headaches; they also reveal that many regulations set out by India’s government are not adhered to or are interpreted in the favour of employees: example are having the breaks required by law being dependant on outputs and call levels (in call centres) or breaks cut short due to overloading workloads and missed, sometime considered unattainable, targets . Due to the nature of companies with insufficient working condition, data is not available across the board due to secrecy and strict employee contracts; information in the media gives an insight into how conditions are worse than this, but cannot be relied on to be true and legitimate sources in an academic discussion. By investigating the debate with what can be identified as four separate discourses, a comprehensive understanding can be gained of the opinions, justifications and evidence of each opposing argument. The exploration of such a topical and global debate bring some difficulties – such as contradicting literature and misinterpretation of statistical evidence. The question of the practice of offshoring is a prominent debate within globalisation; and due to its so called ‘kaleidoscopic’ complexity (Bhagwati, 2008) and multiple standpoints it demonstrates the complexity in the global interconnectedness of today’s world. When returning to the initial concept of equitable globalisation, this debate highlights how the pursuit of that ideal is somewhat unattainable; the impartiality of the concept is impossible to obtain due to the nature of the profit driven forces that dominate the global relations and drive globalisation itself. References Abdelal, R and Tedlow, R S (2003) Theodore Levitt’s ‘The Globalization of Markets’: An Evaluation after Two Decades. Harvard NOM Working Paper No. 03-20; Harvard Business School Working Paper No. 03-082. [Online] Last accessed 04/01/14 at http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=383242 American Banker/Gallup (2004), What Americans think about overseas outsourcing? American Banker. 169 (192) 18 Amiti, M and Wei, Shang-Jin (2005) Fear of Service Outsourcing: Is it justified? Economic Policy. 20 (42) 308-347 Anon (2004) Economic Report of the President, 108th Congress, 2nd Session [Online] Last accessed 06/01/14 at http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/ERP-2004/pdf/ERP-2004.pdf Anon (2013) India No Longer Automatic Choice for Services and Back Office Work. The Economist. (Special Report). Bain, P and Taylor, P (2004) Call Centre Offshoring to India: The Revenge of History? Labour and Industry: A Journal of the Social and Economic Relations of Work. 14 (3) Baumol, W and Binder, A (2009) Economics: Principles and Policy. Ohio: South Western Cengage Learning Bergh, A, Israels, R, Mehta, S, Sheychenko, A (2011) A decade of offshore outsourcing to India: Define your strategy for the next decade. [Online] Last accessed 07/01/14 at http://www.quintgroup.com/content/library/A_Decade_of_Offshore_Outsourcing.pdf Bhagwati, J (2008) The selfish hegemon must offer a New Deal on trade. [Online] Last accessed 06/01/14 at http://delong.typepad.com/egregious_moderation/2008/08/jagdish-bhagwat.html Blinder, A (2006) Offshoring: The Next Industrial Revolution? Foreign Affairs. 85 (2) 113-128 DrnovÃ… ¡ek, J (2004) Speech by President DrnovÃ… ¡ek at the opening of the meeting of European Liberals in Ljubljana [Online] Last accessed 04/01/14 at http://www2.gov.si/up-rs/2002-2007/jd-ang.nsf/dokumentiweb/A28B9C6C3EC2ABFEC1256F95002CB360?OpenDocument Farrell, D, Baily, M, Agrawal, V, Bansal, V, Beacom, T, Kaka, N, Kejriwal, M, Kumar, A, Palmade, V, Remes, J, Heinz, T (2003) Offshoring: Is it a Win–Win Game? McKinsey Global Institute Featherstone, M (2005) Undoing Culture: Globalisation, Postmodernism and Identity. London: Sage Publications Ghimire, b (no date) Social Impact of Outsourcing. Understanding Outsourcing. Professional Education, Testing and Certification Organization International [Online] Last accessed 07/01/14 at http://www.peoi.org/Courses/Coursesen/outsrc/outsrc6.html Ghosheh, N and Messenger, J (Eds) (2010) Offshoring and Working Conditions in Remote Work Godin, B (2006) The Knowledge-Based Economy: Conceptual Framework or Buzzword. The Journal of Technology Transfer. 31 (1) 17-30 Guynes, C, Reilly, R and Vedder, R (2010) Offshoring Limitations. Review of Business Information Systems. 14 (1) Helyar, J (2012) Outsourcing: A Passage out of India. Bloomberg Business Week Companies and Industry Hira, A and Hira, R (2005) Outsourcing America: What’s behind our national crisis and how we can reclaim American jobs. New York: AMACON Joshi, R M (2009) International Business. New Delhi and New York: Oxford University Press Levitt, T (1983) Globalization of Markets. Harvard Business Review. May/June. 92-102 Mankiw, G and Swagel, P (2006) The Politics and economics of Offshore Outsourcing. Journal of Monetary Economics. 53 (5). Mullen, J (2006) An ‘Original Mind’ of Marketing Dies. Advertising Ages. 77 (8) NASSCOM. (2009) Gender inclusivity in India: Building an empowered organisation. [Online] Last accessed 06/01/14 at: http://www.nasscom.in Tholons (2013) 2013 Top 100 Outsourcing Destinations: Rankings and Report Overview. p2 Winters, A and Yusuf, S (2007) Dancing with Giants: China, India and the Global Economy. Washington: World Bank Publications

Personal Writing: Our Trip To See The Band last One Standing :: essays research papers

Personal Writing: Our Trip to See the Band "Last One Standing" This past Friday I traveled down to Burlington with my friends Justin, Jamie, and Steve. The purpose of our trip was to see Justin and his band, Last One Standing, play at his old high school in Colchester. We all met around three o'clock, then piled into Justin's black, Volkswagen GTI, behind the Senators dorm. His car being a little used, it took fifteen minutes to actually be on our way. We put on some fast-paced driving music, a band called INTEGRITY(they're a hardcore band), and left the worries of Johnson behind us. The trip was a lot smoother in good company, even though our driver, Justin was getting a little frustrated while driving in heavy traffic. He has a short temper, and following a line of cars that are going thirty-five miles an hour in a fifty zone does not help. A sigh of relief passed through the car as we came into Burlington. Justin dropped me off at my house in Burlington at four o'clock, a few hours before his show started. I made my plans with them for later and sent them on their way. Something about being home makes me feel much more relaxed. Walking into your house and immediately recognizing that perfect smell of freshness (my mom keeps a clean house), flopping yourself onto your comfortable bed, now this is what makes me feel at peace.I was relieved to be home, knowing that I was going to see Kristie,a friend of mine that I'm quite fond of. A few hours slipped by with no significant happenings. I was really looking forward to seeing Kristie. She called around six, and made plans to stop by at seven. I was more than excited to see her, and when she showed up I couldn't stop smiling(I was really happy to see her). We talked for a few hours, which let me forget about my plans with Justin and the guys. It had been snowing since early that afternoon, and by nine-thirty we had three or four inches. Kristie lives in Shelburne, which is south of Burlington, and realizing the long drive in front of her, we decided to take off. We headed towards Colchester High School hoping that her car would make it there, and back to her house. It wasn't a problem, it only took us longer than we had expected. Kristie gave my a hug, a few kisses, some cigarettes, and we said our good-byes. She drove off into the snowy night, and already I missed her.

Debate for the Constitution

When the U. S. constitution was made it there was a long debate over the ratification of the constitution. There were two sides in the debate, the Federalists, who were supporter of the new constitution, and were better, organized than their opponents, and the Federalists had the support of the most respected men in America, George Washington, and Benjamin Franklin. The other side of the debate was the Antifederalists, who opposed ratification; although they weren’t as organized as the Federalists they did have some dedicated supporters. One major argument used by the supporters’ side in the debates over the ratification of the U. S. constitution is that there would be disorder without a strong central government. By 1787, most people were not happy with the articles of confederation. The farmers came to be debtors: and revolts like Shays’ rebellion where happening. The Federalists argued that without a strong central government, more rebellions like Shays’ rebellion would occur. So they looked to the constitution to create a national government capable of maintaining order. According to document 1, in which the Massachusetts sentinel wrote that the United States needed to adopt the constitution to make a more efficient federal government, to help the farmers, and protect the American name and character. Also according to document 3, in which a letter written by George Washington to John Jay, where Washington agreed with Jay that the articles of confederation had to be corrected. Also Washington suggested that America needed a stronger, national government. In the end, the Federalists won but not without strong debates and arguments from the Antifederalists. One major argument used by the supporters’ side in the debates over the ratification of the U. S. Constitution is that there would be disorder without a strong central government. The documents supporting my answer were document 1, and document 3.

Sensation and Perception Article Review

In this study, researchers examined the effects of exposure to mercury and lead on children’s attention. From this study, researchers found that children exposed to higher levels of mercury or lead are three to five times more likely to be identified as having problems associated with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. This study originated in a group of Inuit children in Quebec who were found to have a high rate of ADHD due to their exposure to mercury in their mother’s womb. These levels of mercury were likely caused by the consumption of seafood meat.Besides the link between mercury and ADHD, children with low levels of lead also were found to be more likely diagnosed with having an attention deficit. Children exposed to lead also were associated with behavioral problems in school. These findings could help teachers and parents identify the cause of their child(s) attention deficit, and more importantly, help prevent their exposure to mercury and lead at an ea rly age. Knowing that mercury exposure is caused from the consumption of whale meats in arctic regions could open awareness to those living in those areas, and reduce the amount of consumption of those particular foods.To further the development of this study, it would be beneficial for researchers to examine a wider range of children across the world, and even increase the age range. Another question researchers could consider would be whether or not teens and adolescents who were exposed to mercury or lead as a child, but maintained the level, were still just as likely to show the same attention deficit results. Although this study examined the effects of lead and mercury in two groups (U. S. children and the Inuit children), to strengthen this study, it would have been more valuable and applicable had the researchers compared different regions.By looking at the effects across multiple regions or areas, the results could have been compared to see if specific areas had higher level s resulting in more children with ADHD. For example, the article discussed the Inuit children from arctic Quebec having higher exposure to mercury, and therefore, more children affected by attention deficits; so would there possibly be differences between say the east coast and the west coast? Or Alaska compared to Texas? This article intrigued me because it broadened my understanding of the causes of ADHD, and the consequences of mercury and lead exposure.

Essay about TRUST COMPANIES

Essay about TRUST COMPANIES Essay about TRUST COMPANIES Why The U.S. Should Leave Iraq. We have been in Iraq since President George Bush launched the invasion on Iraq in March 2003. Since then the war the U.S. has spent about seven hundred million dollars. While we still are in fighting to try to rebuild Iraq when we should be trying to save the U.S. from the down fall of our own economy since March of last year. From the National Priorities Project website I found this chart that shows the cost by year the money we are spending on the war in Iraq as well as Afghanistan. Another reason why staying in Iraq is just a bad idea, as John Weiss states, â€Å"We face a paradox in Iraq: the longer we stay, the stronger our enemies become. We cannot defeat either the insurgency or the civil war resulting from our invasion and occupation; in fact, both have grown stronger. Nor can we protect the Iraqis we came to save. A corrupt Iraqi government wastes the billions we have allocated for rebuilding, while the middle class flees to avoid the danger. The Pentagon trains Iraqis to fight, but we may well be training the army of our future enemies.†(Weiss) The longer we are there the more the people there will learn how to hurt the U.S. learn the ways to operate our own military forces. The longer we leave our troops the longer the people of Iraq have time to see what we do in the middle of war. The longer we stay the longer our nation stays unprotected, think about it we have all these troops across seas fighting when and if there is another terrorist attack we in a way have our shields down. It will take longer for us to get prepared or try to reassemble what just happened. Also I ask the question why are we sending more troops? Costing the nation more money, endangering the lives of more Americans? If we are doing what needs to be done and we are doing our job why send more? If they are fighting back harder than we are wasting our time trying to save a lost cause. Hurting our own nation

apple inc. essays

apple inc. essays President Apple was founded in April 1976 by Steve Wozniak, 26 years old, and Steve Jobs, 21, both college dropouts. In 1976 Wozniak was working on the Apple I computer, without keyboard or power supply, for a computer hobbyist club. Later that summer, Wozniak began work on the Apple II, designed to appeal to a greater market than computer hobbyists. Apple's professional marketing team placed the Apple II in retail stores, and by June 1977, annual sales reached $1 million. In 1979 Apple introduced the Apple II+, with far more memory than the Apple II and an easier startup system. By the end of the year sales were up 400% from 1978, at over 35,000 computers. In December 1980, Apple went public. Its offering of 4.6 million shares at $22 each sold out within minutes. A second offering of 2.6 million shares quickly sold out in May 1981. The Apple III was well received when it was released in September 1980 at $3,495 but the Apple III never sold as well as the Apple II. It was discontin ued in April 1984. Unfortunately, the Lisa did not sell as well as Apple had hoped. With the failure of the Lisa, the Macintosh was seen as the future of the company. It was launched with a television commercial in January 1984. The Macintosh computer finally moved Apple into the business office. Corporations saw its ease of use as a distinct advantage. By 1988, over one million Macintoshs had been sold. Now, Apple designs, develops, produces, markets and services microprocessor-based personal computers, related software and peripheral products, including laser printers, scanners, compact disk read-only memory drives and other related products; and manufactures communications products that connect Apple systems to local area networks, connect the Macintosh to other computers and integrate the Macintosh into various computing environments. The stock prices, sales and market share were shown in Exhibit 1, 2 an...

Giles Corey - Salem Witch Trials

Giles Corey - Salem Witch Trials Giles Corey Facts: Known for: pressed to death when he refused to enter a plea in the 1692 Salem witch trials Occupation: farmer Age at time of Salem witch trials: 70s or 80s Dates: about 1611 - September 19, 1692 Also known as: Giles Coree, Giles Cory, Giles Choree Three marriages: Margaret Corey - married in England, mother of his daughtersMary Bright Corey - married 1664, died 1684Martha Corey - married April 27, 1690 to Martha Corey, who had a son named Thomas Giles Corey Before the Salem Witch Trials In 1692, Giles Corey was a successful farmer of Salem Village and a full member of the church. A reference in the county records shows that in 1676, he was arrested and fined for beating a farmhand who died of blood clots associated with the beating. He married Martha in 1690, a woman who also had a questionable past. In 1677, married to Henry Rich with whom she had a son Thomas, Martha gave birth to a mulatto son. For ten years, she lived apart from her husband and son Thomas as she raised this son, Ben. Both Martha Corey and Giles Corey were members of the church by 1692, though their bickering was widely known. Giles Corey and the Salem Witch Trials In March of 1692, Giles Corey insisted on attending one of the examinations at Nathaniel Ingersolls tavern. Martha Corey tried to stop him, and Giles told others about the incident. A few days later, some of the afflicted girls reported that they had seen Marthas specter. At the Sunday worship service on March 20, in the middle of the service at Salem Village Church, Abigail Williams interrupted the visiting minister, Rev. Deodat Lawson, claiming she saw Martha Coreys spirit separate from her body. Martha Corey was arrested and examined the next day. There were so many spectators that the examination was moved to the church building instead. On April 14, Mercy Lewis claimed that Giles Corey had appeared to her as a specter and forced her to sign the devils book. Giles Corey was arrested on April 18 by George Herrick, the same day as Bridget Bishop, Abigail Hobbs, and Mary Warren were arrested. Abigail Hobbs and Mercy Lewis named Corey as a witch during the examination the next day before magistrates Jonathan Corwin and John Hathorne. Before the Court of Oyer and Terminer, on September 9, Giles Corey was accused of witchcraft by Ann Putnam Jr., Mercy Lewis, and Abigail Williams, based on spectral evidence (that his specter or ghost visited them and attacked them). Mercy Lewis accused him of appearing to her (as a specter) on April 14th, beating her and trying to force her to write her name in the devils book. Ann Putnam Jr. testified that a ghost had appeared to her and said that Corey had murdered him. Giles was formally indicted on the charge of witchcraft. Corey refused to enter any plea, innocent or guilty, simply remaining silent. He probably expected that, if tried, he would be found guilty. and that under the law, if he did not plead, he could not be tried. He may have believed that if he were not tried and found guilty, the considerable property he had recently deeded to his sons-in-law would be less in danger To force him to plead, beginning September 17 , Corey was pressed he was forced to lie down, naked, with heavy stones added to a board placed on his body, and he was deprived of most food and water. Over two days, his response to the requests to enter a plea was to call for more weight. Judge Samuel Sewall wrote in his diary that Giles Cory died after two days of this treatment. Judge Jonathan Corwin ordered his burial in an unmarked grave. The legal term used for such pressing torture was peine forte et dure. The practice had been discontinued in British law by 1692, though the judges of the Salem witchcraft trials may not have known that. Because he died without trial, his land was not subject to seizure. Before his death, he signed over his land to two sons-in-law, William Cleaves and Jonathan Moulton. Sheriff George Corwin managed to get Moulton to pay a fine, threatening to take the land if he did not. His wife, Martha Corey, was convicted of witchcraft on September 9, though she had pled innocent, and was hanged on September 22. Because of Coreys previous conviction for beating a man to death, and his and his wifes disagreeable reputations, he might be considered one of the easy targets of the accusers, though they were also full members of the church, a measure of community respect. He might also fall into the category of those who had property that might be in question if he were to be convicted of witchcraft, giving a powerful motivation to accuse him though his refusal to plead made such a motivation futile. After the Trials In 1711, an act of the Massachusetts legislature restored the civil rights of many of the victims, including Giles Corey, and gave compensation to some of their heirs. In 1712, Salem Village church reversed the excommunication of Giles Corey and Rebecca Nurse. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow Longfellow put the following words into the mouth of Giles Corey: I will not pleadIf I deny, I am condemned already,In courts where ghosts appear as witnessesAnd swear mens lives away. If I confess,Then I confess a lie, to buy a life,Which is not life, but only death in life. Giles Corey in The Crucible In the fictional work of Arthur Millers The Crucible, the character of Giles Corey was executed for refusing to name a witness. Giles Coreys character in the dramatic work is a fictional character, only loosely based on the real Giles Corey.

Crossover of Opera to Popular Music Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Crossover of Opera to Popular Music - Essay Example Opera music also has an extended work that is dramatic in nature. How opera crossed over to film commercials and radios In Western opera, narratives are usually expressed musically in radio commercials. This may seem unrealistic at times. Several arias can be removed from opera music without affecting the story lines at any point in time. Despite removing all the gratuitous arias, Western opera music has never been criticized at any point. The reason is that most people believe that opera is a little concerned with narrative of the economy and realism. Hindi films are perfect examples that show how opera music has transformed from the music part into films. The powerful films, television, radio commercials and the internet demonstrate steps taken by India to embrace the crossover. It is arguable that some Hindi songs are better incorporated and presented. The music has incorporated opera music into their films. Their films are gratuitous and they can be seen to arise from familiarity of some set conventions. These conventions deem the cinema with characters voicing their emotions. Although there is immense pressure from Hollywood, high Western and cultural discourses see the Hindi films immature and unrealistic due to the incorporation of opera music in their films. The musical nature of Hindi films is usually characterized as expressing emotions in a large way. With their films not showing any signs of abandoning one of the most important parts of the narrative expression, it is harmless to say that Hindi film songs have demonstrated incorporation of opera music into their films. They tend to retain the cinematic and dramatic qualities rather than become an independent tradition. How music listeners listen to opera music even though they do not realize. There are people who listen to music but they do not know what kind of music they are listening to. They may even be watching Hindi films that have got opera music incorporated in them, but they have never know n that they are listening to opera music. For one to actually appreciate the music, one should buy a ticket so that they can appreciate the music. Many people feel that opera music may not be proper for the first time. Before one sits down to enjoy the music, a little of effort is required from the listener. One should know the kind of work that is going to be performed early in advance. The listener should have learnt, at least early enough, about the music. This is done by listening to the music before and understanding it perfectly well. For sure, listening to the music is a source of joy and fulfillment either at home or in the theatre. The first thing that people should do in order to learn the music is to know the story. This is quite crucial as it helps to know the synopsis and understand the libretto. Both the libretto and synopsis are found in the CD set. They can also be found in the internet. Conceptualizing themes Habanera Habanera is a famous aria that originates from t he opera Carmen. It was written by Georges Bizet. The habanera is at times referred to as â€Å"Love is a rebellious bird†. Habanera is usually based on a scale that is chromatic in nature and descending. It is then followed with variants of similar phrases in the major and minor keys. They usually correspond to the vicissitudes of lyrics that are expressed in the form of love. A brief synopsis of the story of Carmen The story was done George Bizet and this was one of his famous opera. The setting was in Spain

Economic theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Economic theory - Essay Example This particular variable takes the value of one if the year being considered is 1983 and zero, otherwise. Moreover, annual data for Belgian aggregates for forty years, which is from 1955 to 1994, was used in the study. Statistical analysis of the time series data considered in this study is facilitated by the use of E-views. According to Judge (2003), E-views is a "modern, powerful but intuitive econometrics software". It operates by manipulating objects such as data series and equations. With the computer package, the author mentions that the "data series can also be viewed as a table of values or as points plotted on a graph". For the 40 time series observations provided, the ordinary least squares estimation procedure was used to estimate the parameters of the model with real per-capita consumption as the dependent variable. The models considered in the study depicting the relationship of the variables consumption, interest rate, per capita income and unemployment are: Before the final model (model 3) was arrived at, models 1 and 2 were both tested for various assumptions. To determine if there is presence of first order autocorrelation, the Durbin-Watson test and the Breusch-Godfrey test were used. Ramsey's RESET test, on the one hand was utilized to determine if non-linearity of the functional form. Normality of residuals was checked by way of graphs as well as statistics provided by the Jarque-Bera test. The White's test was used to examine the presence of heteroscedasticity in the data set. Finally, first-order ARCH effects were also investigated. All tests of hypotheses were conducted using the 5% level of significance. A summary of the results of the verification of the assumptions (misspecification tests), estimated coefficients for the parameters of the model with the corresponding t-ratios and the adjusted coefficient of determination are provided in table 1 below for the three models. A discussion of the results obtained for the analysis of the time series data on consumption is also provided below. Table 1. Summary of the Results for the Three Models Model 1 Model 2 Model 3 Intercept -0.101 -0.033 -0.020 t-statistic value -1.235 -0.174 -0.580 LYJt 1.019 0.756 0.822 t-statistic value 95.857 5.957 8.477 RIJt 98.734 35.773 30.969 t-statistic value 5.759 3.042 2.918 UJt 0.310 0.065 t-statistic value 0.320 0.050 LCJt-1 0.904 0.767 t-statistic value 7.968 9.299 LYJt-1 -0.663 -0.585 t-statistic value -5.368 -6.012 RIJt-1 -23.756 t-statistic value -1.679 UJt-1 -0.084 t-statistic value -0.070 Fit Measures Adjusted R2 0.998 0.999 0.999 Standard Error F(23) 0.023 0.012 0.012 1.061 0.380 Misspecification

Employment practices and employment law Assignment

Employment practices and employment law - Assignment Example Similar to the court’s position, the name that workers use does not necessarily identify them as employees. Workers, therefore, are not necessarily employees to any company. This implies that by referring to themselves as employees is invalid. However, they still enjoy the protection of the law as workers assigned specific roles to conduct during certain period of their involvement with Friendly. This mean that employment laws are not biased on certain groups of workers and or employees regardless of where they work (Bennett-Alexander & Hartman, 2012). An employer refereeing to workers as independents contractors or employees does not affect or influence the law. This is because; the responsiveness of the employment law does not discriminate between naming system, rules, laws and policies of the company relating to its workers. On the other hand, it somewhat matters how the employer calls his/her employees. If the laws were very strict, referring to the employees would be by relevant designations to easen compliance monitoring (Walsh, 2013). According to Bennett-Alexander and Hartman (2012), one factor that is critical in the determination of the employment status within Friendly is the company’s prohibition of the drivers from operating the business autonomously and developing or creating entrepreneurial opportunities with the prospective and existing customers. It pre-empts a form of molestation in which the drivers (employees) lacked freedom to make free decision and socially interact with prospective customers. The drivers were to follow strict orders from above and probably follow the same without questioning. The best advice that that a person can offer to the Friendly Cab include changing the existing employee operational means that encompass a complete lack of autonomy in going about the daily works. It should also undertake to control the rate of regulation of how the drivers should operate

Compare the book and the movie of all the kings men Essay

Compare the book and the movie of all the kings men - Essay Example Movie had in it not only a strong and finest cast but a bit of philosophy, narration, great American prose and most excellent dialogues. Whenever a popular novel is converted into a movie, that too with a huge star cast the expectations of people with the movie rise and with that it is a popular phenomena that people compare novel and the movie. Where words and the feel of the novel attract readers, huge star cast with great dialogues attracts audience in the cinema. Where the novel â€Å"All the King’s men† is not a linear novel, reader can easily get confused at various points as the nature of the novel is anti-chronological. Time Travelling is an important factor in the novel and it often confuses the reader regarding realizing which time period they are in (New York Times,2006). The novel start with the setup in year 1936 where protagonist, Jack Burden remembering a road trip in the year 1933 to Mason city with Willie Stark, Tom Stark who is Willie’s son and Willie’s wife Lucy Stark. They talk about political pressure which Jack’s mentor Judge Irwin was facing. In the novel the conflict between Jack, Willie holds importance as it is the initial stage of the novel and the readers are in good grip of the characters. The readers can now well judge the shady elements in the characters. Judge Irwin is old so the readers can symthatise with him as well. The question which comes in the minds is why all this is happening because they are good friends and they share such a close relationship, what went wrong. The novel is very impactful at this stage and leaves the reader with a question of why this is happening. Movie captures the scene well too but the words expressed in the novel and the feelings which are expressed are more effective in the novel compared to the book. Jack goes in the year 1922, there is a lot of time travelling in the novel which sometimes confuses the reader as well. The Film however is set during early 1950s in Louisiana except for the flashbacks, where the well dressed and popular amongst all and also witty Willie Start is made the governor through the support given to him by the lower social classess.( Movie: All the King’s men) His supporters are his bodyguard friend Sugar boy, the journalist Jack Burden, Tiny Duffy and Stark’s mistress Sadie Burke who will help him against the upper class. Apart from the time setup in the novel and the movie there are some other prominent differences in both as well, from the character development of the Sugar boy who in the book is totally following Willie’s every move however in the movie he plays a silent bodyguard. (Empire Magazine,2006). Another important factor or the dissimilarity is the character development of Jack. Jack’s character in the book is a very complex. He is cynic and indifferent towards life. Jack’s excessive love towards character of Anna Stanton is clearly seen in the book, also Jack’ s anger in the book is far more impactful when he figured out that Willie has taken Anne as a mistress. The movie however was just partially successful in capturing the emotional side of Jack’s character. Particularly, his philosophical discussion in the novel about what he calls "The Great Twitch" is missing in the film. In keeping with the era of the 1930s, Jack is also fairly racist by standards of a later era, an aspect that is not portrayed in the film.   One major setback of the movie was removing Tom Stark’

Politics in Comparative Perspective Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Politics in Comparative Perspective - Essay Example Through the internet, talk shows and television, the media has taken a central role in contemporary politics. Politicians are now able to voice their agendas through new forms of social media. In the liberal democracies, the legislature has vital roles in which the primary role is in the formulation of laws. This paper will discuss the role of parliaments in modern democracies with reference to various countries. The concept of multi-level governance and its significance in understanding policy-making will be discussed. The paper will discuss the functions of constitution and critically appraise the role of media in modern politics as well as make comparisons of parliaments in two liberal democracies. Moreover, the paper will discuss media in contemporary politics and legislature in liberal democracies. The role of parliament in modern democracies The parliament has several duties in modern societies. The parliament plays a fundamental role as a state organ. The parliament appraises the legislative proposals during the process of their passage. It also supervises the responsibilities of the executive and acts as a watchdog on activities of the government. The parliamentary committee framework allows the legislators to devolve their labor and focus on specific area of expertise. The parliamentary committee systems are crucial structures for legislative mechanisms often referred to as miniature legislatures or microcosms of their progenitor parliamentary bodies. Most countries tend to depend on such committees to perform legislative duties. Bangladesh for instance, adopts the parliamentary system of government. The parliament wields all legislative authority. Bangladesh’s parliamentary system had been replaced with single party presidential system due to political differences between parties and government party, which exercised immense power and failed to recognize the formal opposition party in parliament. However, the military took over and abolished th e one-party presidential system in 1975. Bangladesh had been under civil-military regime dominated by the military for 17 years. Parliament policies adopted during this period served the interest of the regime. However, the parliamentary system of governance was revived in 1991 after civil unrest erupted (Mahiuddin 2009). Mahiuddin (2009) observed that the Bangladesh parliamentary committees tended to participate more in supervising activities of government rather than appraising policy matters. Political parties tend to influence the functioning of the parliamentary committees within the context of conflicting politics. This implies that the parliamentary committees tend to be dysfunctional when there is lack of collaboration between various parties involved. Notwithstanding such limitations, the parliamentary committees tend to nurture training environment for legislators to enhance their parliamentary norms and knowledge of regulations. Bangladesh’s parliament had been uni cameral since the promulgation of constitution in 1972, which entrusted all legislative power to Jatiya Sansad or one-chambered parliament. The president was the chief of nominal executive while the prime minister wielded real executive power. This system is similar to the cabinet government of UK. The discretion of prime minister and cabinet towards the legislature was mutual. Parliamentary committees were adopted from the British. The standing and select committees

Yundi Li's piano concert Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Yundi Li's piano concert - Essay Example The paper tells that Yundi has a very fantastic interpretation and recreation of the Scherzi. This may be the first time that the ‘chopin humour’ is heard in any of these pieces. Yundi is also keen on giving the much needed emphasis to the left-hand, where one only wonders, isn’t it just amazing that someone can actually play in this way? Then in comes the Liszt Sonata. The Liszt Sonata is among the best recordings ever. Yundi gives it justice with his amazing skill and passion. It is now evident that Yundi is not just any other virtuoso. Yundi is impressed by the amazing and shattering way especially on the emotional part of the piece, at that point where Liszt struggled with his other side character. Yundi’s mastery of every subtle nuance for each lyrical part of these pieces in music is just amazing as it is not often heard from other artists. There are also smooth transitions from one theme to the other, and the audience is seen to be obviously moved an d is in sync with the performance, where you get yourself asking, is there going be Liszt’B Minor Sonata better than this? Yundi is seen to be one of very deep feeling as he plays, as it is not always, that’s one will find a pianist gets immersed very deeply in the music during their performance. We can say that music flows out of his fingers and in a very natural way which results in such a very deep feeling. As a gifted young artist, Yundi Li, uniquely distinguished from most his contemporaries by his ability to put a personal stamp on each work, and putting eccentricity to very fine detail. He is an inspirational artist that is keen on delivering performances of equal and standard quality, outlining different circumstances. Skill is portrayed in the first Scherzo as he plays with controlled wild abandon that matches its temperament. There are very slim chances of none of hearing another performance which so clearly risks everything for the inspiration of a moment. T he same can be seen from the three Scherzi that follow. He plays with the equal heroism of the second and is balanced more by the brooding character seen in the third, and the fourth which is slightly lighter. The Liszt Sonata which is mighty and greatly difficult to control is brought to its knees as Yundi plays it with such amazing virtuosity, which he combines with such breathtaking sensitivity. The Liszt seems to break under its great length and its varying mood swings, which later starts to grow in its stature as it goes on. It is not surprising that by now the audience grows ecstatic as it responds to the now built unforgettable event. One

Politics in Comparative Perspective Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Politics in Comparative Perspective - Essay Example Through the internet, talk shows and television, the media has taken a central role in contemporary politics. Politicians are now able to voice their agendas through new forms of social media. In the liberal democracies, the legislature has vital roles in which the primary role is in the formulation of laws. This paper will discuss the role of parliaments in modern democracies with reference to various countries. The concept of multi-level governance and its significance in understanding policy-making will be discussed. The paper will discuss the functions of constitution and critically appraise the role of media in modern politics as well as make comparisons of parliaments in two liberal democracies. Moreover, the paper will discuss media in contemporary politics and legislature in liberal democracies. The role of parliament in modern democracies The parliament has several duties in modern societies. The parliament plays a fundamental role as a state organ. The parliament appraises the legislative proposals during the process of their passage. It also supervises the responsibilities of the executive and acts as a watchdog on activities of the government. The parliamentary committee framework allows the legislators to devolve their labor and focus on specific area of expertise. The parliamentary committee systems are crucial structures for legislative mechanisms often referred to as miniature legislatures or microcosms of their progenitor parliamentary bodies. Most countries tend to depend on such committees to perform legislative duties. Bangladesh for instance, adopts the parliamentary system of government. The parliament wields all legislative authority. Bangladesh’s parliamentary system had been replaced with single party presidential system due to political differences between parties and government party, which exercised immense power and failed to recognize the formal opposition party in parliament. However, the military took over and abolished th e one-party presidential system in 1975. Bangladesh had been under civil-military regime dominated by the military for 17 years. Parliament policies adopted during this period served the interest of the regime. However, the parliamentary system of governance was revived in 1991 after civil unrest erupted (Mahiuddin 2009). Mahiuddin (2009) observed that the Bangladesh parliamentary committees tended to participate more in supervising activities of government rather than appraising policy matters. Political parties tend to influence the functioning of the parliamentary committees within the context of conflicting politics. This implies that the parliamentary committees tend to be dysfunctional when there is lack of collaboration between various parties involved. Notwithstanding such limitations, the parliamentary committees tend to nurture training environment for legislators to enhance their parliamentary norms and knowledge of regulations. Bangladesh’s parliament had been uni cameral since the promulgation of constitution in 1972, which entrusted all legislative power to Jatiya Sansad or one-chambered parliament. The president was the chief of nominal executive while the prime minister wielded real executive power. This system is similar to the cabinet government of UK. The discretion of prime minister and cabinet towards the legislature was mutual. Parliamentary committees were adopted from the British. The standing and select committees

The different between the two families depicted in Flight & your shoes Essay Example for Free

The different between the two families depicted in Flight your shoes Essay The story Flight is about an old man trying to come to terms with his granddaughter growing up. It is form a collection of short stories. The scene is set and the mood of all the characters are established right at beginning of the story. The old man has some pigeons, which he keep as pets. Flight is based around the similarity between the way the old man looks after his pigeons, and how he would like his granddaughters to be controlled and trained the same way. The pigeons are symbols representing his granddaughters. We see, however, that the birds return home. Whether his granddaughters will is another matter. There is a contrast when you look at the syntax in Your Shoes.Which is different from Flight. Here, we have a first person narrative, and because a character is speaking to us, we have the rhythms of speech, changes of direction in the flow of sentences and short, broken speech.This not the cone in Flight which is third person narrative and less personal. Structuarally, the story is very clever. We gradually learn about the woman speaking. At first, we sympathise with her; then learn how she has been horrible to her daughter; how she has tried to control her and keep her unspoilt like the shoes; how she has made the decisions for her; and how, just as she did not get on with her mother, so too this mother-daughter relationship has also collapsed. We are convinced, from the words coming from the womans own mouth, that the failings are her fault. And we move to a final scene in which she is pathetic and sad, locked away from the husband she never loved, pretending love for her daughter and the pair of shoes which symbolises how she would like her daughter to be. Flight is all about growing up and leaving home to starting a new life. For the mother, in this story,Flight this is a natural process, it seems, and she is happy to see her daughters fall in love and marry. The mother is crying,, however because of her father s attitude her father has made all the girls so unhappy by wanting them to be like his birds. Or might it be that she somehow sees his point and is wishing that life could be as simple as he would like it to be that she knows everything might be easier if we could simply return to the coop? Or is she crying for him, because he is so sad and so unfair and wrong? It is up to us to decide! The old man has lost three other granddaughters through marriage. He saw them transformed inside a few months from charming petulant spoiled children into serious young matrons. He is scared of what marriage will do to Alice. When he loses Alice through marriage, he thinks that everything will be gone there will be no more granddaughters at home for him to cherish and he is worried that the girl he loves will change as her sisters did. He is scared of being lonely. He would be left, uncherished and alone, with that square-fronted, calm-eyed woman, his daughter. Therefore, when Alice leaves, he feels that his whole life will be ruined. When he releases his favourite bird (which we can link to Alice), all the other birds go too, because Alice was the one person he had left to love. If she goes, all his capacity to love goes. The mans life will be entirely different with the loss of all his granddaughters it will be entirely different with the loss of all his birds. When he says farewell to one favourite, everything else crumbles for him too. Ending he is now aware, at least that he is how he perceives things. However after releasing the pigeon he turned slowly, taking his time; he lifted his eyes to smile proudly down the garden at his granddaughter. She was starting at him. She did not smile. She was wide-eyed, and pale in the cold shadow, and he saw the tears run shivering of her face. The daughter was still with him.

Psychosocial Concepts in Radiography

Psychosocial Concepts in Radiography â€Å"Promising too much can be as cruel as caring too little† (Kelley, 2005, p. 69). The aim of this assignment is to describe and discuss the psychosocial aspects of patient/client care as applied to radiography, and the skills required the deal with a range of issues in work environment and explore medico legal aspects of radiographer’s scope of practice while relating to the given scenario. Oxford English Dictionary(2013) defines psychosocial as â€Å"relating to the interrelation of social factors and individual thought and behaviour† and medico legal â€Å"refers to that which is related to medicine and the law. It refers to that which pertains to the legal aspects involved in the practice of medicine. It covers the prerogatives and responsibilities that a medical professional is bound by as well as the rights of the patient† (AJ, 2013). Upon arriving to the department it is paramount the radiographer justifies the x-ray request form on clinical grounds, and must adhere to the minimum requirements set by IR(ME)R which requires 3 forms of ID, the request form to be signed, information to identify the patient and clinical information to justify exposure. (DoH, 2000). once patient has been located, the radiographer is greeted by angry relatives who are complaining their mother had nothing to drink for 24 hours and has soiled herself, with this in consideration it is vital the radiographer introduces themselves and confirms the patients details for example, patients name, DOB and Address and hospital number if checking wristband as patient has limited ability to communicate. Infection control will be required as the patient has defecated herself, a quick check for infections such as clostridium difficile; if infections are present it should be present on the x-ray request or patient notes. The first impression a patient forms from the way practitioner portray themselves by greeting the patient and explaining the procedure in the first few minutes. If a negative impression is formed during this encounter, it will be difficult to erase and the subsequent practitioner and patient interaction will be affected (Ramlaul and Vosper, 2013). When dealing with the patient/relatives the radiographer must be assertive, confident compassionate, and empathetic to the patient’s situation (Scriven and Orme, 2001), and must use clinical reasoning which refers to thinking and processes associated with the clinical practice of health care providers (Higgs, Jones, Loftus and Christensen, 2008) Reassure the family that you have just arrived and here to resolve the matter, explain there could be a valid reason regarding the water, but you will look into it. Give reasons why there might be a shortage of nurses due to â€Å"fast interaction period of emergency departments which may be similar times to medical imaging† (Ramlaul and Vosper, 2013, p.13). This might be why the radiographer was not able to locate the nurses. Communication between healthcare professionals and patients is paramount to improve quality of care for patients, and eliminate any possibility for mistakes (O’Daniel and Rosenstein 2008). This scenario has clearly demonstrated the lack of Inter-professional communication and collaboration and how detrimental it is to patient care. The psychosocial aspects of any individual can be affected by a small initial stimulus which can start a chain of events that have enormous outcomes; this is known as the butterfly effect (Burton, 2013). Little do we realise a smile can be enough to put someone at ease, and that can be the difference between a positive experience and a negative one. We have to understand the social/environmental aspect of an individual also plays a huge role in the way they think, talk, and behave (Niven, 2000). The radiographer must take into consideration the psychological state of the patient, which may help understand the different feelings the patient might be experiencing such as, anxiety, shame, angry, distressed, shocked, and unwell. It is important the radiographer focus on their thoughts and feelings to better treat them. Compassionate care must be 1st priority for all health professionals; this constitutes the six C’s, Care, compassion, competence, communication, courage, commitment. This guide helps health professionals to make sure their care meets the standards patients rightly expect and deserve (Cummings and Bennett, 2012). This should apply to all health professionals. With regards to Francis report UK The Mid Staffordshire NHS Foundation Trust Public Inquiry, (2010) which was carried out from January 2005 to March 2009 for the hundreds of appalling failings of compassionate care were left in excrement in soiled bed clothes for lengthy periods and many other failings. Referring back to the scenario it is seen the patient is in a similar situation and as a witness; the radiographer must report this, failure to do so is against the law. Radiographers should uphold National Health Service constitution and values which are based on comprehensive service available to all race, gender, disability, age, sexual orientation, religion or belief and adhere the core value of NHS, respect and dignity, commitment to quality of care, compassion, communication, improving lives, and working together for patients (DoH, 2013). Communication comes in many forms, verbal, non-verbal (sign language, facial expression and other forms of body language) it can be difficult at times to assess patients, this may be due to may barriers such as gender, age, language and disability, each barrier differ from patient to patient, with regards to the scenario the frail old lady is in a venerable state and unable to communicate regardless the radiographer must communicate with her as she may understand other means of communication which may include simple muscle movements such as blinking or squeezing a hand. Due to the lack of time usually available to radiographers, the task of identifying and treating symptoms may become the only goal for the practitioner, who then denies the patient the opportunity to explain their illness (Edelmann, 2000). Radiographers must provide holistic care for the patient, while assessing patients and their clinical requirements to determine appropriate radiographic technique, and to perform a wide range of radiographic examinations on patients to produce high quality images while observing and maintaining contact with patients during their waiting, examination and post-examination stay in the hospital, And complying with Data Protection Act, IRMER, IRR, ALARP, Health and Safety at work, and many more (Agcas, 2012). Radiographers must keep within their scope of practice based on competency, education, extent of experience and knowledge while practising in a safe and competent manner (SoR, 2008). And adhere to legislations set for radiographers, scope of practice, local rules, policies and procedures and HCPC standards of proficiency, is responsible and accountable for the patient undergoing x-ray (and other imaging modalities). What is scope of practice for a radiographer? HCPC (2012) defines the scope of practice is the area/areas in which the radiographer has knowledge, skills and experience to practice lawfully, safely and effectively in a way that meets the HCPC standards and does not pose a danger to the public or to yourself. However if a practitioner wanted to move outside their scope of practice can do so providing they are capable of working lawfully, safely and effectively. Relating back to the scenario it may need to be considered whether taking a portable abdominal x-ray is in the local rules, policies, and procedures, must weigh the risks/benefit, consider their personal experience and is it enough to carry out the x-ray in a safe, effective and lawful manor. As health professionals one must understand their own capacity and limitations and act accordingly. Taking consent from the patient can be verbal, written or implied. Every adult has the right to determine what is done to their body (UIC, 2004). Taking an x-ray without obtaining valid consent can be detrimental which leaves the practitioner open to lawsuits and questions their fitness to practice. As we know the patient is not able to communicate, hence the radiographer might adopt different means on consent for example implied. Patient might be asked to blink twice if it’s okay to go ahead and blink once if not vice versa. Pertaining to moving and handling patient the radiographer should make use of the mandatory manual handling training provided by the trust/university. The radiographer must not in under any circumstance cannot pat-slide by themselves and must have a minimum of 3 trained personals. This scenario is a classic example of negligence, where no nurses are present to attend to the patient, torts law comes into play in this scenario, where unintentional negligence of the patient where the duty of care is at breech. If the radiographer carried out the x-ray after the patient had been cleaned by the radiographer and/or nurse, the radiographer must inform patient about the x-ray being taken and once consented markers must be used in the primary beams instead of post processing to avoid confusions, and most importantly, the x-ray can be used in court if required, furthermore upon taking the x-ray a holders form need to be filled in if holder was required and must wear lead coats. A risk assessment must be carried out to determine if it is possible to carry out the x-ray and apply ALARA (as low as reasonably achievable) as mobile x-rays tend to used higher exposures this is achieved by many ways such as increasing the FDD. This scenario can most certainly make everyone feel agitated, stressed, scared and terrified, and nervous. However as professionals one must show confidence in the face of adversity and demonstrate good communication skills and follow the HCPC standards of conduct, the scope of practice, upholding the NHS constitution along with compassionate care guide, will ultimately enable the health practitioner to be more confident and well equipped in practice. In conclusion one can argue it requires inter-professional team effort to give the best experience to any patient, which is be true, but it requires the efforts of each individual put together collectively to formulate productivity and efficiency for the best interests of the patients. Reference List Agcas. (2012). Role of a diagnostic radiographer. Prospects. Retrieved December, 13, 2013, from http://www.prospects.ac.uk/diagnostic_radiographer_job_ description.htm. Burton, J. (2013). Radiography and the butterfly effect. SoR. Retrieved December, 16, 2013, from http://www.sor.org/ezines/scortalk/issue-13/blog-radiography-and-butterfly-effect. Cummings, J Bennett, V. (2012). Compassion in practice. Retrieved December, 22, 2013, from http://www.england.nhs.uk/nursingvision/. Department of health. (2000). Ionising Radiations Medical Exposure Regulations: Good Practice. Retrieved November, 25, 2013, from https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads /system /uploads/attachment_data/file/227075/IRMER_regulations_2000.pdf. Department of Health. (2013).  The NHS Constitution: TheNHS belongs to us all. Retrieved December, 10, 2013, from  http://www.nhs.uk/choiceintheNHS /Rightsandpledges/NHSConstitution/Pages/Overview.aspx. Donald R. Kelley. (2005). Divided Power: The Presidency, Congress, and the Formation of American Foreign Policy, Intraparty factionalism on key foreign policy issues. (p.69). University of Arkansas Press Edelmann, R. J., (2000). Psychosocial Aspects of the Health Care Process.  Harlow Prentice Hall Higgs, J. Jones, M. Loftus, S. Christensen, N. (2008).  Clinical Reasoning:  in the Health Professions.  (3rded.). London: Elsevier Jeevs, A. (2013). What is medico legal? AskJeeves. Retrieved December, 20, 2013, from http://uk.ask.com/question/what-is-medico-legal. Niven, N. (2000).  Health psychology: For health care professionals. (3rded.). Edinburgh: Livingstone. O’Daniel, M. Rosenstein, A. H. (2008). Patient Safety and Quality: Professional Communication and Team Collaboration. PubMed, 8(43), 33. Ramlaul, A. Vosper, M. (2013). Patient centred care in medical imaging and radiotherapy: In medical imaging and radiotherapy.London: Churchill-Livingstone. Scriven, A. Orme, J. (2001). Health Promotion, professional perspectives. (2nded.). London: Macmillan. The Health Professions Council. (2012). Standards of proficiency, your scope of practice.  London: HCPC. The Society of Radiographers. (2013). Code of Conduct and Ethics.  London: SoR. University of Illinois at Chicago College of medicine UIC. (2004), Informed consent, Retrieved November, 30, 2013, from http://www.uic.edu/depts/mcam/ethics/ic.htm. United Kingdom. The Mid Staffordshire NHS Foundation Trust Public Inquiry. (2010). Independent Inquiry into care provided by Mid Staffordshire NHS Foundation Trust. London: TSO. (Chairman R. Francis).

Raskolnikovs Crimes Essay -- Literary Analysis Crime Punishment

In every age we live, there is a constant struggle between finding a cure to our neurosis with the advent of urbanization and finding qualities in nature that supersede our abilities in enhancing modern man. With that kind of chaos come various forms of behaviors and actions, most of which stem to arguments of good versus evil. Dostoevsky insists that men have the choice between good and evil every moment of their lives; no matter the circumstance, they have the choice between moral and immoral. Crime and Punishment is a story of Rodion Romanovich Raskolnikov’s struggle with the ideologies of his time. The young and impoverished law student is torn between unifying and nihilistic cultures afflicting nineteenth-century tsarist Russia. Through a journey of crime, it becomes clear to Raskolnikov that his ultimate failure was caused by his transgression in murdering cold-heartedly, attempting to prove his self-worth by crossing the law. As Raskolnikov’s guilt overwhel ms him and becomes unbearable, his only solace is confession to the crime. Serving his prison term in Siberia, Raskolnikov comes to the realization that reason cannot beat the human conscience. Motive is central to any crime committed. When put on trial, a prosecutor must first prove that the accused acted in the crime, and then he/she must prove the criminal possessed a â€Å"guilty mind.† There is neither doubt nor denial that Raskolnikov murdered the old pawnbroker and her half-sister. As he was approaching the old woman’s house, Raskolnikov protested to himself, â€Å"Can it be, can it be, that I will really take an axe, that I will strike her on the head, split her skull open . . . that I will tread in the sticky warm blood, break the lock, steal and tremble; hide... ...roit: Gale Research Company, 1984. 69. Print. Hackett, Francis. â€Å"Crime and Punishment.† Horizons: A Book of Criticism. New York: B. W. Huebsh, 1918. 178-185. Rpt. in Nineteenth-Century Literature Criticism. Ed. Laurie Lanzen Harris and Sheila Fitzgerald. Vol. 7. Detroit: Gale Research Company, 1984. 74-75. Print. Jones, Malcolm V. Dostoyevsky: The Novel of Discord. New York: Harper & Row Publishers, Inc., 1976. Print. Miller, Robin Feuer. Critical Essays on Dostoevsky. Boston: G. K. Hall & Co., 1986. Print Strakhov, N. â€Å"The Nihilists and Raskolnikov’s New Idea.† â€Å"Crime and Punishment† by Feodor Dostoevsky: A Norton Critical Edition †¦ Essays in Criticism. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, Inc., 1975. 485-487. Rpt. in Nineteenth-Century Literature Criticism. Ed. Laurie Lanzen Harris and Sheila Fitzgerald. Vol. 7. Detroit: Gale Research Company, 1984. 69-70. Print.

Destroying Your Health By Smoking Cigarettes :: Argumentative Persuasive Example Essays

Destroying Your Health By Smoking Cigarettes If you really want to ruin your health then smoking cigarettes is one of the best ways I know how to do it. Smoking cigarettes cause lung cancer, emphysema, and the one thing that most people notice right off hand is bad breath. If you are into destroying your health, I want you to follow these step so that you can be on your way to an unhappy and unhealthy life, number one buy the cigarettes, number two smoke them, and number three this one is really important never ever quit smoking. I have found that most people who want to destroy themselves quickly will smoke a no filtered brand of cigarettes, so let say you picked out the brand Pallmall-Reds. I understand these are one of the strongest brands of cigarettes you can buy. Yes, there are plenty of other brands of cigarettes out there but why bother going threw all that money to pick the right one when you can take my word on it? These are really strong cigarettes. How do I know, because take one out and look at it, you will notice that there is no filter on the end of it. Due to no filter you will get none of the toxins filtered Without filtering out some of the toxins you will destroy yourself quicker; that is the goal we are seeking, is it not? Lets take out one of our friends (we will call them that to be funny) and look at it. It is about five to six inches in length, maybe a half inch wide with little brown things that look somewhat like coffee grounds inside a thin white paper cylinder. Smell it, a significant number of people actually enjoy the way tobacco products smell, but they will not smoke them. I myself find that ominously odd. Now smoking the cigarette is very important. If you do not smoke it you will not reach your goal to destroy your health. So let us begin with the lighting of the cigarette. Place the cigarette in your mouth, just the tip of it. Do not bother with looking to put the filtered end in your mouth, because if you remember there is no filter on is brand of cigarette. After you have placed our friend in your mouth you will need to tilt your head. Tilting is something most people do when â€Å"lighting up," this process is what majority of people do. Now when you tilt your head it really does not make a difference

Nursing Today Essay

Nurses these days have positive and negative images from the general public. Negative stereotypes portray nurses as being overbearing, sexual, and incompetent. For example: Naughty Nurses, Airheaded, and Doctor’s Handmaiden. These stereotypes are portrayed in the media constantly even though nursing is a challenging respectable profession. Some of the positive images that are portrayed by the public are strong, patient advocates, dedicated, trustworthy, profession highly in demand, and highly intelligent. There are numerous actions that can be taken to actively fight the negative stereotypes. It generally starts by promoting positive images of the nursing students. This could start at the college setting or even the clinical setting where a lot of interactions will be done with the general public and strangers. I also think that if you actively educate others on the true meaning of nursing then that would also help fight negative stereotypes. This could generally be done in health career fairs, schools, colleges, and health centers where nurses are actively involved. Also establishing public image committee in the local neighborhood or city would also help. There are also popular celebrities that actively help with stereotypes. For example: Christina Aguilera as both a nurse and patient, exploited negative stereotypes of nurses. If popular celebrities can take active role in helping stop negative stereotypes for nurses then anyone can. It would definitely take a lot of hard work to stop it but eventually the word would come across. Moreover, television nurses also promote positive nursing it’s understood that medical dramas are meant to entertain, not serve as documentaries. Nevertheless, media-driven messages are also very powerful, influencing the culture and collective mindset. There are numerous current images of nurses in the media and challenges nurses to engage in professional and public service designed to promote a positive media and public image of nursing. In conclusion, if we actively did take a part in stopping negative stereotyping for nurses or any other profession it would benefit and bring more respect to the nursing world. It doesn’t take much to down grade a rofession but it takes a lot of hard work and time to stop the negative stereotyping. As I listed examples above to help reduce negative stereotyping all it takes is active participants to bring a change. In this time and age we often get influenced by individuals very fast and so why couldn’t we actively bring positive influence to society and help the nursing profession in general to lower negative stereotyping. Because it will greatly help our profession of nursing become more respectable in society.

Elderly Drivers

Stefani Ward Age Limit Essay Professor Trewitt 8 – 8:55 Mandatory Age Limits As senior citizens grow older, they do not react as quickly as they used to. It’s not realistic to allow someone to drive who could endanger others. Senior citizens over the age of 75 should not be able to drive. They have increased health problems, require more medication, and drive too slow. Senior citizens have increased health problems making it difficult to handle a car safely.For example, a person with diabetes could have trouble controlling their blood sugar level, and might be in danger of losing consciousness. A person who has a pacemaker or a defibrillator could be a threat to safety because there is a chance that the device could stop working. Vision is a vital part of driving. As a person ages, their eyesight becomes poor, making it difficult to see things. In addition, senior citizens should not be able to drive because they require more medication.Medications can have serious side effects making it difficult to drive. Both prescription and over-the-counter medicines can affect the ability to drive safely by making you feel tired, dizzy, or nauseated. Studies have shown that using certain medications or many medications increase the chance of being in an accident. Senior citizens tend to drive slower than the average person. Driving under the speed limit can cause distractions, and possibly an accident. Not only can it harm other people on the road, but the elderly too.In some states a person can be given a citation for driving under the speed limit. Senior citizens have health problems, require more medication, and tend to drive slow, making the roads unsafe. Studies show that older drivers are more susceptible to injury or even death. Roads will be much safer if the government requires elderly drivers to turn in their licenses at age 75. There will be less accidents, less stress, and increased safety on the road. If the law doesn’t pass, the roads wi ll be dangerous and will cause chaos for other drivers.

Checkpoint: Management Structures Essay

You manage a counseling center that services victims of domestic abuse. Your organization is happy to have you on board and trusts your decisions. Due to an increase in demand for services in your area, your center will be increasing the number of employees by 100%. Your employer asks you to participate in an expansion plan. Your task is to research possible organizational structures that best suit the needs of your clients and your organization. I think that our services for domestic abuse patients should be split into different departments for several reasons. Departments make people focus on only the work that is assigned to them, like getting people to the Human Services help for a first step, then sending them into counseling, and finally getting them rehabilitated and out of the system. Other approaches to department and service areas exist, like having a north segment and a west segment to divide responsibilities. The major disadvantage to departmental division is that you might lose track of a client, or just lose contact with them when they move out of your department. People who need these human services need extra individual attention, not a rabble of people that they have to talk to while they get help. The situation is almost the same for a matrix organization. Yes, it is more efficient to have several people working in one area, but the client will not get particular help from one person, which is important for these clients. I truly believe that Human Service work should be leading in a transformational style. I think that, for us, the Project Team model is the best way to organize our services. This model is the best one because a group of people works together to accomplish particular things for their client. They all communicate inter-group, and therefore everyone gets better at helping clients. One problem with this model is that team members might start to discuss their client in a way that would break confidentiality laws. A collegial model is another approach, and it raises understanding because employees report their affairs to you, which keeps people enthusiastic about their tasks. This way is also an option, but I think that it might lead to employees doing things only to please a manager.

My organization as a learning organization in obtaining parts for Research Paper

My organization as a learning organization in obtaining parts for military vehicles - Research Paper Example Wallace (92) suggests that all organizations should learn because without learning, organization will not survive especially in the current globalization era; an organization with a strong learning culture achieves effective business performance. Organization leaders may think that by getting their organization to learn is just a matter of articulating a clear mission or vision, offering right incentives or training employees, however, there is a lot that should be done in the face of intensifying global competitive environment where there is increased technology advancement and shift in consumption preferences. A successful learning organization should offer psychological safety to employees, encourage teamwork or team learning, manage culture, communicate effective and have a shared vision. Question 1: Characteristics of the Ideal Learning Organization One of the characteristics for the ideal learning organization is existence of a shared vision, which everyone should agree on. An ideal learning organization should have an effective shared vision, which guides them, but this should be agreed by everyone in the organization; this is vital because it will enable the organization to work together towards achieving the vision of the organization effectively. Secondly, people should openly communicate with others effectively without fear of criticism, as effective communication is the key aspect towards the success of an organization; therefore, communication should be openly and information should be conveyed well across the organization, as this will contribute to successful organizational performance. Thirdly, it is an organization where people discard their way of thinking and the standard routines they employ for performing their tasks or solving problems. In other words, an ideal organization is the one, which is ready or able to change its behaviors, and mid-sets as result of experience (Marquardt 45). Lastly, an ideal organizational learning is where there is teamwork or team learning. This is where people work and share information together through learning as a team in order to accomplish the organizational goals effectively. Teamwork is crucial in any organization because it contributes to effective decision-making and accomplishment of work faster; thus contributing to effective organizational performance. Question 2: The Observable Behaviors for Each Characteristic One of the observable behaviors for shared vision is that the organization engages everyone in creating a shared vision, which directs the organization towards achieving their stated goals. For instance, the sense of purpose begins with recruiting employees with effective skills and matches their values with the organizational values. For instance, some rules in the organization are implemented by shared behaviors, values and beliefs. Culture form the basis through which an employee operates within the organization context, and secondly, there is open communication an d everything across the organization is well communicated effectively. Thirdly, people are always ready to change their behaviors through constant learning. Moreover, there are significant changes because the organization has transformed and become an innovative working environment; thus improving in terms of performance. Lastly, there is effective teamwork because the work is accomplished within the stipulated period and people always learn together as a team.

Evaluation of the Utilisation of Cataract Surgery Services in South Article

Evaluation of the Utilisation of Cataract Surgery Services in South India - Article Example Blindness is a major health problem in India. It has been estimated that about 12 million people are suffering from blindness in India, the dominant cause of which is cataract. Cataract accounts for nearly two-third of blind population in India. The Government of India launched National Programme for Control of Blindness in 1976 and the World Bank Assisted Cataract Blindness Control Project in 1994, with the aim to bring down the incidence of blindness from 1.4% to 0.3%. To achieve this, eye care infrastructure and human resources were developed, accessibility to eye care services were increased and quality of eye care services was improved. As a result, many cataract surgeries were performed and are being performed at various visual camps to restore vision of the affected persons. Cataract is easily treatable by surgery. Though extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) is much better than intracapsular cataract extraction (ICCE) in terms of outcome and patient satisfaction, not many surgeons are trained in ECCE. Also, it is much costlier and takes longer time. Consequently, a substantial part of cataract extractions are still performed as ICCEs. In a study by Nirmalan et al (2004), it has been reported that a large proportion of people who required eye care did not utilize eye care services at the time. In our study, we would like to evaluate the utilization of cataract surgery services mainly in South India and find out reasons for not utilization so that policies can be recommended to improve these health services.

How Can Training And Development Enhance Employee Performance In An Essay

How Can Training And Development Enhance Employee Performance In An Organization - Essay Example It subscribes to the notion that phenomena and knowledge are â€Å"truths† only if they can be confirmed by the human senses, through deduction and induction methods. Express differently, the major distinctions between these types of knowledge claims are: whilst the goal of postpositivism is determinative for the purpose of verifying an a priori theory, constructivism seeks to understand for the purpose of generating theory; whilst postpositivism tends to reduce all data gathered into a single â€Å"truth,† constructivism ascribes varied meaning as warranted, and; whilst postpositivism employs empirical observation and measurement, constructivism uses social and historical construction (Creswell 2003 6). A scrutiny of the present research question reveals that it essentially requires a constructivist approach of learning because it calls for the researcher to seek an understanding of the effect of certain conditions, i.e. training and development, to the quality of work of employees. At this point, no theory is yet established or needs to be proven. The researcher goes into the research with an open, inquiring mind unfettered by any working theory, and seeks only to form a theory during the course or at the end of the research. The research question also calls for the researcher to discuss and probe into the minds of the respondents who will be engaged in the research to understand how such training and development have improved their performance in their respective work. The constructivist inquiry could be conducted best through the employment of the qualitative research approach rather than the quantitative method.  

Intelligence Reform Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Intelligence Reform - Essay Example After World War 1, America intelligence hard work paid attention on code breaking against Germany and Japan. In 1941 president Franklin Roosevelt established the first peacetime civilian intelligence after discovering that it was inevitable to escape involvement of the world war 2.the offices were developed to manage the activities of a number of agencies. Nevertheless, after the Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor the United States experienced its mostly expensive intelligence disaster (Zegart 25). The intelligence failure because of assessing â€Å"misconceptions, collection gaps, bureaucratic confusion and well-planned Japanese denial and deception† resulted to the development of a larger and more varied agency in 1942 (Calabrese 11). The US intelligence agency faces the challenge of widespread lack of trust in its power to undertake its mission competently and legally. Existence of increased terror group like al Qaeda has been a major challenge for intelligence policy makers (Kantor 35). The ability to control any source of information retrieved is also a major pitfall. Intelligence agency need also to change its old tactic of viewing things instead it needs to incorporate the developing technology to counter enemies. The September 11 attacks necessitated the intelligence to reform its tactics to counter other terrorist attacks. The attack was termed as a major failure for the intelligence team therefore reinvention and revitalization techniques ought to be embarked (Calabrese 14). The intelligence reforms have also embarked on techniques that involve counterintelligence missions. The techniques involve finding out loopholes within the intelligence team to ensure past mistakes are not repeated and terror attacks are prevented. In the past intelligence involved speculation about problems or what was anticipated to happen. Evidence of information were hidden and